History of Design: Postmodernism

I Study the active vocabulary and focus on Ukrainian equivalents of English words.

 

precisely точно

fail зазнати невдачі

bore нудьга

forge кувати

reference посилання

conclusion висновок

predetermined заздалегідь визначений

rock похитнути

anarchy анархія

repetition повторення

infinitely нескінченно

challenge кидати виклик

force змушувати

rally об’єднуватися

blandness млявість

riot бунт

whimsical ексцентричний

obsessive всепоглинаючий

recycle переробляти

plain очевидний

silliness дурість

mass media засоби масової інформації

take off брати початок

interconnected взаємопов’язаний

liberating що визволяє

unsettling що викликає неспокій

confuse бентежити

delight  викликати захоплення

bemuse приголомшувати

quirky примхливий

reckon  with рахуватися з

cattle prod стрекало для худоби

compel змушувати

 

  

II   Vocabulary focus. Study the words and  word combinations, check your understanding using flashcards, practise their translation, spelling. Check your knowledge in the test. Play matching vocabulary game (match words to their translations to make cards disappear)  and save the planet from asteroids by typing in correct translation of the words.

III Watch the video. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.

Postmodernism beginning/ran/began at precisely 3pm March 16th 1972. Modernism had failed/nailed/railed or at least that’s what the postmodernists believed.

Modernists had tend/spent/spending much of the 20th century trying to gorge/forced/forge a better world inspired/inspiration/pier by science and universal/universally/versatile truths. To them bless/rest/less was more. To postmodernists less was a bore/core/tore. They believed we needed as many references/refugees/inferred as possible to determined/terminate/determine our own individual subjective conclusions/conclude/concussions. Art is a good way to try and explain it. Remember  Picasso? He creator/create/created one of masterpieces based upon predetermined/undetermined/determination principles of art. His creations rocket/pocketed/rocked the art world. But postmodernists weren’t impressed/imposed/pressed. They believed in more than one methodical/methyl/method or style. Collate/large/collage, chance, anarchy/arched/rakes, repetition, these were infinitely more interesting/investing/investor. Postmodernists wanted to ledge/challenge/channel audiences and force them to ask questions/quest/pressed. Postmodern builder/leading/buildings rallied against the blandness that had gone before/prefer/infer. The Las Vegas strip is a great samples/sampled/example: a riot of styles, vultures/cultures/clutter and whining/whimsical/flimsy collage. Like any movement/movable/event postmodernism had its critics objecting to unnecessary ornament/ornamentation/ornamented, an obsessive tendency to recycle the past/last/fast to make something new and often just plain syllables/giddy/silliness. The rise of mass ready/media/medium really helped postmodernism rake off/bake off/take off. The world was interconnected/interrelated/interested like never before. For many postmodernism was liberal/related/liberating, giving creative expression a dynamic, often unsettling voice. Postmodernist cinema still fused/confuses/influences, surprises and delights us. Postmodernist performer/performance/reformed still amused/amusing/bemuse us.

And we just can’t seem to get enough of quirky/quickly/quacking postmodern art. Politically, philosophically/stoical/philanthropically, creatively - the postmodern movement has proven itself a forge/gorge/force to be reckoned with. Like a giant social cattle prod compounding/embellishing/compelling society to question why things are the way they are, and why they aren’t. Planning something postmodern?

IV Watch the video and answer the questions.

1 When did postmodernism begin? What period in design history did it follow?

2 What attitude did postmodernists have towards modernism? Did they see modernism as a successful trend? Why or why not?

3 What differences existed in design and art between modernism and postmodernism?

4 What were postmodernists trying to do?  What was the relation between postmodernism and society?

5 How did postmodernism treat ornamentation?

6 Why is postmodernism sometimes described as a riot of styles? What cities represent this view of postmodernism?

7 What was postmodernist cinema like?

8 What questions did postmodernism ask?

History of Design: American Industrial Design

I Study the active vocabulary and focus on Ukrainian equivalents of English words.

erase стерти

consumer demand споживчий попит

struggling що намагається з усіх сил

manufacturer виробник

innovative інноваційний

stamping штампування

mould форма для лиття

vinyl вініл

plywood фанера

streamlined обтічний

pioneer прокладати шлях

refer to відноситься до

utilitarian art утилітаризм

sleek гладкий

fair ярмарок

immensely дуже

exhibit експонат

futuristic футуристичний

look up поліпшуватися

kitchen appliance кухонний прилад

mass consumption масове споживання

advertiser рекламодавець

desirable бажаний

lifestyle спосіб життя

toothpaste packaging упаковка зубної пасти

washing powder пральний порошок

household object предмети побуту

shape  формувати

entire цілий

improve поліпшувати

  

II Vocabulary focus. Study the words and  word combinations, check your understanding using flashcards, practise their translation, spelling. Check your knowledge in the test. Play matching vocabulary game (match words to their translations to make cards disappear)  and save the planet from asteroids by typing in correct translation of the words.

III Watch the video and fill in the gaps with the words from the list. There are some words you don’t need to use.

Impression; popular; demand; Depression; advertisers; product; wooden; veneer; objects; influential; prefer; industrial; mission; cars; waste; manufacturers; futuristic; realized; sleek; people; pioneered; aluminium; household; tomorrow; wanted;  consumption;  refer to;  shapes; industrial design;  spending;  ambitions; lifestyles; packaging;  designers; tastes; style; globe; know;  materials;  production;  improved;  stamping; coffee;  intellectually;  powder;  vinyl; society; lights

  

In 1920s America the Great 1)______ effectively erased consumer 2)______. Struggling 3)______ needed new ways to get 4)______ buying again. Innovative 5)______ processes like 6)______ and use of moulds allowed them to use new 7)______ for their designs. Products using 8)______, chrome, 9)______, and plywood began appearing.

American 10)______ designers began introducing streamlined efficient 11)______ that shouted progress. Bel Geddes 12)______ what we now 13)______   ______as utilitarian art. Things had little reason to look 14)______ now all of a sudden did. At the 1939 World’s Fair featuring Bel Geddes’ immensely 15)______ Futurama exhibit a new era of American 16)______   _____  proudly claimed to be building the world of 17)______. Americans found great positivity in these 18)______ forms. Things were looking up. American industrial designers 19)______ that by making 20)______ look great people simply 21)______ them more. From 22)______ to kitchen appliances the most 23)______ society on earth was 24)______ money again. Mass 25)______ had arrived. 26)______ finally had lots to talk about. Personal 27)______ could be expressed through the things you bought, 28)______ became equally as important as function. Chair 29)______ liked Eames and Saarinen didn’t just design seating, they created desirable 30)______. People behind the 31)______ suddenly were stars; everyone wanted to 32)______ who they were. Raymond Loewey was one of the shining 33)______ of American industrial design. His face ended up on every 34)______ table in the nation. Toothpaste 35)______ promised whiter teeth, washing 36)______ packaging promised whiter whites. Who knew such simple 37)______ objects would shape the tastes and 38)______ of an entire 39)______?

American industrial design 40)______ America functionally, culturally, and 41)______ and exported it around the 42)______. Does American industrial design do it for you?

IV Watch the video and answer the questions.

1 When did American industrial design emerge? What historical events preceded it?

2 What problems for manufacturers did Great Depression create?

3 What new production processes and materials did manufacturers begin to use?

4 Who pioneered utilitarian art? What was the characteristic feature of utilitarian art?

5 Why were sleek forms important in industrial design?

6 How did manufacturers manage to improve mass consumption? What was the connection between product design and lifestyle?

7 How did advertisers work at the time?

8 What stars of advertisements were important at the time?

9 What products evolved under the influence of American industrial design (e.g. cars etc.)?

10 How did American industrial design influence American society and the world?

History of Design: Modernism

I Study the active vocabulary and focus on Ukrainian equivalents of English words.

stoke підтримувати вогонь

traumatized травмований

reinterpret переосмислити

virtually практично

creative expression творче вираження

light світло

blow away вражати

emerging що з’являється

concrete бетон

feature характеризувати

 heavily сильно

ornamental декоративний

indulgence  потурання

frivolous легковажний

waste  марнотратство

effort зусилля

mankind людство

intelligence кмітливість

capability здібності

celebrate прославляти

suggest пропонувати

hold aloft тримати на височині

electrical current електричний струм

barely enough ледь достатній

voltage напруга

resounding вражаючий

housewares предмети домашнього вжитку

aesthetics естетика

II Vocabulary focus. Study the words and  word combinations, check your understanding using flashcards, practise their translation, spelling. Check your knowledge in the test. Play matching vocabulary game (match words to their translations to make cards disappear)  and save the planet from asteroids by typing in correct translation of the words.

  

III Watch the video and fill in the gaps in the text.

In the early 20th 1)______ the war to end all wars didn’t end 2)______ at all. It stoked the fires of 3)______. A traumatized world was right for 4)______, the world was ready for 5)______.

 Modernists wanted to forget 6)______ or at least reinterpret it. More than just a 7)______, modernism applied to virtually all forms of 8)______ expression. Innovative artists like 9)______, Escher, Dali, they all started looking at their world 10)______. Other artists tried painting light itself. These were the 11)______. Surrealists went a bit further. We had entered the age of the –isms: Cubism, 12)______, Futurism, Constructivism. All these new 13)______ ways of looking at the world blew 14)______ away. When it came to 15)______, modernists were intrigued by emerging 16)______. Concrete, 17)______, and steel featured heavily in their 18)______. Modernists believed that they could design a better 19)______. 20)______ indulgence was considered a frivolous 21)______ of effort. They thought 22)______ should always 23)______ form. And that mankind’s 24)______, creativity, and capability for radical thinking should be 25)______. Take the Russian inventor Georgii Krutikov. He suggested an 26)______ for a city held aloft by electrical currents. This at a 27)______ when there was barely enough voltage to keep the 28)______ on.

Not everything they 29)______ was a resounding 30)______, but you could argue modernism was a single most 31)______ movement of the 20th century. From house music to 32)______, tables and chairs to 33)______ design, all have been created by the 34)______ and ideas of 35)______. Do you buy into modernism?  

IV Watch all the parts of the video and answer the questions.

1When did Modernism emerge as a movement in art and design? What historical events were connected to that trend?

2 What forms of creative expression did modernism apply to?

3 What artists represented that trend (name several artists mentioned in the video)?

4 What other trends followed modernism? What special features did those trends have?

5 What principles did modernism use?

6 What did some modernist inventors suggest? Were their ideas always successful? Why or why not?

7 How did modernism influence architecture?

8 Where can the influence of modernism be found in modern world?