UA-47897071-1

Tuesday, 1 May 2018

Pete Docter and Geometry of Characters


Pete Docter and Geometry of Characters
I Study the active vocabulary and focus on Ukrainian equivalents of English words.



vehicle засіб
narration розповідь
inhabit мешкати
circumstance обставина
tackle вирішувати
unfold розгортатися
conclusion висновок
relate мати ставлення
in regards to відносно
animation анімація
alter змінювати
intention намір
core ключовий
setting місце дії
raid здійснювати наліт
scholar вчений
carve out пробивати
existence існування
hostile ворожий
anthropomorphic антропоморфний (людиноподібний)
barn сарай
essential суттєвий
aim at націлюватись на
ensure забезпечувати
exaggerated перебільшений
ambassador посланник
striking вражаючий
mascot талісман
rescind скасовувати
attitude ставлення
emulate наслідувати
speedy швидкий
signifier символ
subconsciously підсвідомо
aware of в курсі
outspoken щирий
sidekick напарник
goofball дурник
claw коготь
fang ікло
hulking незграбний
predecessor попередник
threatening загрозливий
horn ріг
dichotomy дихотомія (розбиття цілого на дві частини)
subtly невловимо
permeate пронизувати
harken звертати увагу
aloof відчуджено
teardrop сльоза
stalk of broccoli стебло брокколі
reduce  перетворювати
orb сфера
immediately негайно




II Vocabulary focus. Study the words and  word combinations, check your understanding using flashcards, practise their translationspelling. Check your knowledge in the test. Play matching vocabulary game (match words to their translations to make cards disappear)  and save the planet from asteroids by typing in correct translation of the words.
III Watch the video and note down the names of all the cartoons it uses as examples. Compare your notes to the lists created by other students. Who noted down the most of the cartoons?

IV Watch the video and fill in the gaps with the words from the list. There are some words you don’t need to use.



 characterized; humans ; designed ; visually; land ; story; joy ; personality; characters; topics; characteristics ; vehicle; essential ; clue; theme ; react;  audience; depend ; control ; around; points ; characters; unfolding; build ; face; relate ; marketable ; aesthetic; animation ; invited; comment ; brand ; animals ;
consideration ; well-designed ; animation ; hand; recently ; itself; control ; visual ; alter ; creation ; visually; setting ; drawings; intentions; setting ; promote ; connect ; based ;



The 1)_______ for any narration is the 2)_______ that inhabit the world and how they 3)_______ to their circumstances. A 4)_______ is important but we as an 5)_______ want to know whom the story centres 6)_______, we want to connect with the 7)_______, watch them tackle the 8)_______ events and settle into their conclusions. Characters help us 9)_______ to the world we’ve been 10)_______ into. But in regards to 11)_______ the character is fully 12)_______ and realized by 13)_______. Now because an animator has complete 14)_______ of every aspect of their work, they can 15)_______ the character to their own 16)_______. Today I’d like to 17)_______ on how artists design characters to help us 18)_______ their 19)_______ design to the characters’ core 20)_______. Well, specifically how Pete Docter does it.
The design of a character will of course 21)_______ on the 22)_______ of the animation. Are the Vikings raiding the 23)_______ of saints and scholars, 24)_______ trying to carve out an existence on a hostile planet or even anthropomorphic 25)_______ dancing in a barn? Considering 26)_______ and the 27)_______ of the story will start to 28)_______ the characters in the animator’s head. But of course there is more to designing a character than just where they’re located. If we look at a list of 29)_______ considerations when designing a character, 30)_______ such as thinking about who it’s aimed at and ensuring to use exaggerated 31)_______ cross every list. But more 32)_______ these tips include acknowledging that your character will be a 33)_______ ambassador. They highlight the idea that your character will become the 34)_______ of your product and because of this it needs to be a striking 35)_______ design. It’s no surprise most of the biggest 36)_______ studios have a mascot to 37)_______ their work. And a lot of these are very recognizable 38)_______ characters. But to me starting to design a character 39)_______ on how marketable they will be withdraws from the character 40)_______. I think it rescinds the ultimate 41)_______ of not only creating a character, but also it narrows the artistic lens in regards to how you want your 42)_______ to appear 43)_______, rather than just appeal to a market.


“No, no. He was supposed to have attitude.”

“Can we put him in more of a hip-hop context?”

As you 44)_______ all aspects of your world, a key 45)_______ is that the character’s personality should come across in their 46)_______.

“I think he needs a little more attitude. Oh, yeah, there it is. That’s it. I love it.”


V Watch the video again and choose the correct option to complete the sentences.





          But how do you relate/duplicate/translate that visually? Well, let’s take a rare/square/dare. Even looking at it feelings of stability/sustainability/probability, strength, and thrust/crust/trust emulate from this fantastically/basic/classical shape. We can see it used in creating a anxiety/piety/variety of strong/long/alone characters. Similarly, a circus/circle/spheres elicits a loftier/draft/softer approach and can give a friendlier/meddle/friends softer character. There’s warm/warmer/warmth and happiness in these designs. Finally, a triangle/angle/angel, which at first might not appear to draw at any prolific/specific/especially feelings, until you consider/considerable/consideration it within character design. We sense the intensity, the anger/danger/dangerously, how sharp and speedy/greedy/needy they appear. These primarily/primer/primary shapes and how we interpret them via the recognizable/sizable/ notice signifiers is known as shape linguistic/speaker/language. We are subconsciousness /unconscious/ subconsciously aware of these feelings/feel in/feel it from just looking at the shapes loneliness/loner/alone. And it can be a powerful/cool/powerless tool at how you translate nationally/national/personality traits to an ambient/audience/ambience.

“Like if you only took one thing away from design scholar/school/cool, I think it would be the word ‘contrast/contrasted/crust’. That’s what makes things real, that’s what makes things interestingly/interested/interesting.”

To me this is where Pete Docter shines. He analyse/recognizes/realising the importance of contrast not only in the personality but how that can be explored/deplored/implored visually. In Monsters Inc. Sulley is strong, rusting/trusted/trustworthy, and friendly but also the top/crop/flop scarer in the business. Mike is his deadly/friendly/needy outspoken sidekick, quite literally/literature/littered a goofball. If we take a closer looked/look/looking at Sulley, he is a pillar of strength and morals/immoral/pillars, but when he’s at work his triangulation/angles/triangular claws and fangs/bangs/fans come out adding sharpness and danger to his harking/barking/hulking size. Mike initially battles/kettle/battered against his inability to scare effectively/effected/affected, he was considered not just scary due to his realize/mesmerize/size and shape.

Not that I notice this in Monster’s University, but the attributes of Mike’s characters were creative/additive/subtractive in its predecessor. Later he designer/designed/resigns himself to being a comedian/comedy/comically. Nothing in his character design appears threatened/threat/threatening, even his horns are rounded/surrounded/grounded. We can readily recognize the characters via the spine/shaped/silhouettes. But also the signifiers/implied/symbolised built into the primary shapes the characters are derived/arrived/divide from automatically denote their dichotomy in their personalities/commonalities/reality.
Similarly looking at Up!, Carl and Ellie are built from these primary shapes.

“Ok, Ellie was very ground/rounded/grounded shape. And so a lot of things associated with her are these circles/circus/circular. Carl is more of a square, and so even in that very shot you just mentioned, pictures of Carl will be in square blames/games/frames, pictures of Ellie are in circular frames. If there’s a picture of the two of them, it’ll be like a mat that’s circular with the square frame or something like that just trying to blend those shapes and use those to, hopefully, subtly plug their story/territory/glory.”

VI Watch the video and fill in the gaps in the text.





We can see the sentiment permeates the entire 1)_______. But also with Up! they explore 2)_______shape combinations with Russell, Dug, and Kevin. Each 3)_______is clearly defined and again can be recognized from their 4)_______. It’s 5)_______that the primary shapes are still used to elicit 6)_______like both Carl and Ellie but the 7)_______shapes of Russell and Dug harken to their soft characterizations, both feels 8)_______and familiar.

“I have just met you and I love you”

 Whereas Kevin has a quick intensity to it, while remaining aloof. These 9)_______are clearly defined down to the core 10)_______, right from the beginning.

Now similar to Up!, we can take this further 11)_______of not only primary shapes, but also how we personally 12)_______additional shapes of what 13)_______they may elicit.

“We have Joy who’s kind of an explosion or a 14)_______, we have Anger who is just like a brick, a 15)_______, Sadness is an upside-down teardrop, Disgust is actually based on a stalk of 16)_______, and then Fear was this raw nerve, you know. So from here you can you can generate any number of the characters. You can kind of flush them out.”

 Docter found core geometry to explore each emotion and how to 17)_______the clear shapes to help us 18)_______understand the characterizations of these 19)_______emotions. He even draws attention to the character 20)_______process when Sadness, Joy, and Bing Bong stumble into the abstract thought chamber. And through their literal deconstruction they’re reduced 21)_______to their two-dimensional origins. Inside Out is also interesting, as upon closer 22)_______of the characters their final rendering is made up of countless orbs, rather than pixels and 23)_______. Like the spheres that contain the memories they witness and 24)_______, the emotions too could be constructed of these raw 25)_______.

“Unlike live action where you have a location and somebody happened to walk by or this lamp is great. It’s just happens to be. Nothing is for free, 26)_______is for accident. You have a blank screen. And so everything you see goes through a very intentional design 27)_______, both shape, surface, lighting, all of that stuff. And so, to a fault, we can 28)_______everything.”

 Telling a 29)_______, for him, is discussed through the characters. And he sets them as distinguished through the exploration of 30)_______to aid his storytelling.

From the primary shapes included and 31)_______in his work we take a clear 32)_______from the language signified in their shapes. And we immediately 33)_______the nature of a character visually. So when designing a character think beyond the market potential and create interesting characters that exploit these subconscious 34)_______to help you tell your story. The core 35)_______of your character can be instantly recognizable when using these methods. So rather than destroying a character, think about who they are, who you 36)_______them to be, and build that into their design. A circle and a 37)_______could go a long way.

VII Watch all the parts of the video and answer the questions.
1 What is the relation between basic geometric shapes and characters?
2 What shapes are mentioned in the video?


3 What are the meanings or associations that shapes create?
4 What are the important stages in character design?
5 How is creating characters in animation different from films? Who controls this process?
6 What characters are designed around squares? What characteristics do these characters have?
7 What characters are modeled like circles? How does it show their personality?
8 Why is contrast important in character design? How can contrast be used in character design? What characters exist in contrast?
9 Why should a character be marketable? Is it an important consideration in character design?
10 How are settings connected to character design?

VIII OVER TO YOU. Create your own character silhouettes using at least 2 geometric and 1 organic (or free form) shapes. Show your character silhouettes to other students. What personalities do these characters have?

Thursday, 26 April 2018

How does science fiction influence the real world?


How does science fiction influence the real world?


I Study the active vocabulary and focus on Ukrainian equivalents of English words.



broadcast транслювати
device пристрій
crew екіпаж
launch випускати
heightened посилений
misuse зловживання
encapsulate виражати
dystopian антиутопічний
screening екранізація
checkpoint контрольно-пропускний пункт
multi-layered багатошаровий
set знімальний майданчик
literally буквально
character персонаж
implication зміст, підтекст
convention з’їзд
artificial intelligence штучний інтелект
 emerging передовий (про технологію)
overpopulation перенаселення
sprawl розвалитися
 slum трущоб
desolation спустошення
gap розрив
capability можливість
 hooked on який підсів на
concern занепокоєння
compelling захоплюючий
convincing переконливий
seminal видатний
motion picture кінофільм
pod кокон
decommissioned знятий з експлуатації
surefire вірний
pitfall пастка



 II Vocabulary focus. Study the words and  word combinations, check your understanding using flashcards, practise their translationspelling. Check your knowledge in the test. Play matching vocabulary game (match words to their translations to make cards disappear)  and save the planet from asteroids by typing in correct translation of the words.

III Watch the video and fill in the gaps with the words from the list. There are some words you don’t need to use.


 phone; clone; subliminal; computer; version ; hi-fi;  provides ; abuses; heightened ; broadcast; carry; science; crew; broadband; device; inspiration; rockets; pose; misuses; voice-activated; sci-fi; advanced ; anticipating ; present; explore ; appeared ; implore; touchscreens ;apprehend; launched; touch wood; world ; dilemmas ; submarines; merry; invented; writer ;

If you’re watching this on your 1)_____, it’s partly thanks to Captain Kirk. In Star Trek, first 2)_____in 1966, he used a pocket-sized 3)_____to communicate with his 4)_____. Martin Cooper, the man who 5)_____the mobile phone, says the show was the 6)_____for his idea, which 7)_____seven years later. Amazon founder Jeff Bezos based Alexa, the 8)_____speaker, on Star Trek’s talking 9)_____.
“Transporters engaged. Welcome aboard.”
10)_____fan Elon Musk is building rockets that he hopes will one day 11)_____people to Mars. 12)_____, helicopters, 13)_____, and 14)_____all 15)_____in science fiction before becoming 16)_____fact. Sci-fi inspires real 17)_____technology. It also 18)_____a way to 19)_____the moral 20)_____that 21)_____technologies could 22)_____.
Paul McAuley is a scientist-turned science fiction 23)_____.
“All science fiction is basically about 24)_____. So it’s about a 25)_____ 26)_____of the present, it is about 27)_____where technology is going to go. And it’s about our fears of where technology is going to go or what uses or 28)_____we might make of that technology.”

IV Watch the video and fill in the gaps in the text.




 Few films better 1)_______ this than Ridley Scott’s 1982 2)_______ classic Blade Runner. The film is 3)_______ in a 4)_______ future where 5)_______ human workers are bioengineered by a 6)_______ power. In London 7)_______ are arriving for a Blade Runner 8)_______ with a 9)_______.
“We are in World War Terminus, checkpoint 4.C. We’re in Los Angeles in 2019. 10)_______ cinema is a 11)_______ physical 12)_______. We built these 13)_______ sets creating a world 14)_______ by a film. So 15)_______ of just watching a film, you literally buy a ticket, you become a character, and you become part of an 16)_______ theatrical 17)_______. I think the science 18)_______ genre allows us to 19)_______ about another world. We’ve taken inspiration from Blade Runner and built an entire world 20)_______ it.”
The film 21)_______ the ethical 22)_______ of creating highly intelligent 23)_______ that have thoughts, 24)_______, and emotions.
“I was just back from a 25)_______ about AI, 26)___  ____, in Cambridge. And a lot of the AI people think about what would happen if really AI came on very 27)_______. What they 28)_______ do to us? And that’s one of the things that science fiction has been 29)_______ for quite a long time now.”
There Steven Spielberg’s latest movie Ready Player One explores another 30)_______ technology, virtual reality. The film imagines a future where 31)_______, pollution, and climate 32)____  ___ have forced most people to live in 33)_______ slum-like cities. Young people 34)_______ the 35)_______ by living much of their lives in 36)_______ reality.
“Are you ready?”
Although there is a wide 37)_______ between the virtual worlds shown in the film and the 38)_______ of 39)_______ VR technology, the idea that young people can get 40)__  _____ virtual fantasies is a long-standing 41)_______. To be compelling science fiction has to be convincing. So writers and film directors 42)_______ the help of designers and 43)_______. Syd Mead designed the look of some of Hollywood’s most 44)_______ sci-fi films including Blade Runner, Star Trek the 45)___   ____  , and Aliens. In the real world he’s designed 46)_______ for Ford and 47)_______ for Phillips.
“Because I’m a 48)_______ designer I can imagine how things 49)______  ______ _______. People always say that my 50)_______ looks real, even though it’s 51)_______. The pods for 52)_______ that I designed were real mechanical articulations. So when they opened, it looked absolutely real for people to be in for 53)_______ space travel. I was hired to design the 54)_______ for Blade Runner. Deckard’s vehicle was in my mind a 55)_______ luxury aerial limousine. It’s 56)_______ the familiar with the weird and that’s a 67)_______ formula for 58)_______ things to look at.”
 Science fiction 59)_______ people to 50)_______ science and technology. Some fans develop a 51)_______ passion. The tech industry is led by sci-fi 52)_______ who are creating the things they read about or saw on screen. We all stand to 53)_______ from their creations 54)_______, that is, they can avoid the ethical 55)_______ depicted in science fiction.


  
V Watch all the parts of the video and answer the questions.

1.   

1.     What inspired the creator of mobile phones?
2.     What modern technologies first appeared in sci-fi movies and books?
3.     What is the relation between the world of sci-fi fiction and the real world? What problems and issues can sci-fi explore?
4.     How can a relation between science fiction and present or reality be described?
5.     What new entertainment form are offered to sci-fi fans today?
6.     What seminal sci-fi works (books and movies) are mentioned in the video?
7.     What emerging technologies are mentioned in the video? What benefits do these technologies offer? What dangers do they pose?
8.     How is science fiction design made look realistic? Who helps to create these designs and devices?
9.     Who develops technology today and what is their attitude to science fiction?
10.                        What dangers does VR and AI present? How can these dangers be avoided? What sci-fi works address these issues?

VI OVER TO YOU. Think of your favourite sci-fi book or movie (at least one). What device or technology (at least one)  described in this book or movie is likely to be seen in real life? Make predictions focusing on the types of futuristic inventions, devices or technologies and the time (for example, in 5 years’ time) when they would become part of everyday life.

Sunday, 22 April 2018

Why are women paid less than men?


Why are women paid less than men?




I Study the active vocabulary and focus on Ukrainian equivalents of English words.
full-time з повною зайнятістю, повний робочий день
earn заробляти
senior керівний
executive адміністративний
tend мати схильність
occupation заняття
graduate job робота для дипломованого спеціаліста
caretaker доглядач
university degree університетська освіта
promotion просування по службі
motherhood материнство
hold  back стримувати
reduce зменшувати
switch змінювати
demanding вимогливий
scale back зменшувати
on average в середньому
gender equality гендерна рівність
childcare догляд за дітиною

II Vocabulary focus. Study the words and  word combinations, check your understanding using flashcards, practise their translationspelling. Check your knowledge in the test. Play matching vocabulary game (match words to their translations to make cards disappear)  and save the planet from asteroids by typing in correct translation of the words.

III Watch the video and fill in the gaps in the text.


Women who work 1)______ still earn 2)______  less than men, but that’s not because they’re paid 3)______ for the same 4)______. It is because they’re in 5)______ jobs.
 6)______ are in less 7)______ jobs. In Britain, 8)______, and Germany 80 to 90% of 9)______ jobs are 10)______ by men. Women also 11)______ to choose different 12)______. In America over 80% of 13)______, nurses, 14)______, and health workers are 15)______. And these jobs tend to be 16)______ paid. 17)______ school 18)______ in the West earn nearly 19)______  less than the 20)______  21)______  job. 22)______ earn less than police 23)______, cleaners less than caretakers. 
Women are as a _ _i _ i_us as men. They earn the m_j_r_ty of _n_v_rs_t_ degrees. In A_ _ _ _ _ _  they now ask for p_o_o_io_ _ as often as men. But it’s the pr_c_         w_m_n pay for m_th_rh_ _d that holds them back. In B_ _ _ _ _ _ 70% of m_th_rs reduce their working h_ _ _ _ or switch to a less d_ _ a_ding job c_mp_r_d with 11 % of fathers. In Australia it’s 56% of mothers and 19% of fathers, while in F_ _ _ _e 55% of mothers scale back c_ m_ _ _ed with 13% of f_t_ _ _s. When an American woman goes back to work, her s_ _ _ ry is on a_ _ _ _ ge lower than it would have been if she hadn’t had a c_ _ld.
The race for g_ _ _er   eq_ _l_ty is far from over. As more c_i_ _r_n choose non-traditional c_r_ _rs and men do more ch_ldc_re, fewer w_ _ _ _ _ g women will be held back. 

IV Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 What reasons for unequal pay does the video give?
2 According to the video what types of jobs do women do?
3 What roles and jobs are taken by men in many western countries?
4 How does motherhood influence women’s careers? What statistics show about the relation between working mothers and fathers and their salaries?
5 What kind of changes does a working woman face after she has a child?
6 Are western women less ambitious than men? Why or why not?
7 Can western women ask for promotion or is it only a man’s right? Do women use this right (if they have it)?
8 Is there any chance that in future working women will have more gender equality? Why do you think so (what arguments in favour or against these changes does the video give)?

V OVER TO YOU. Answer the questions below:
1 In your country are there more men or women in the job you are studying for?
2 What is the average salary in the job you are studying for (or the job you would like to take in future)? Do you think women earn the same salary as men in this job?
3 What jobs do women tend to choose in your country? Has the situation changed in recent years? What is the average salary in the jobs women tend to choose?
4 Do women in your country take a maternity leave? Can a man do the same?
5 How does motherhood influence women’s careers in your country (find statistics or official figures to prove your point)?