Colour tutorial. Tertiary colours

1. Background. You’re going to watch the video “Colour tutorial. Tertiary colours. The basics of brown and grey” in which the speaker will give examples of using neutral palette in art and illustration. Work in pairs and discuss the questions.

1.  How can tertiary colours be created? How do designers and illustrators use these colours in their work?

2.  What tertiary colours (if any) do you use most often in your work? What colours don’t you like to use? Why?

3.  How can brown and grey colours be used in illustration and design? Do you use these colours? If yes, how do you use them??

2. Key words. Read the sentences (1-6). The words in bold are used in the video. First guess the meaning of the words. Then match the words with their definitions (a-f).

1. Using the tertiary colours wisely can establish a colour hierarchy.    

2. The images for the chapter “The Wild Wood” depicting a frightening journey by mole into the menacing woods

3. Although the reaction is subtle, it’s still essential for the image.

4. It still helps to get the colours to pop off the ground and help delineate the forms.

5. It gives a context or an environment for the colours to exist.     

6. Using tertiary colours requires more attention to the use of vibrancy for creating a focal point.  

a)  not bright or noticeable 

b)   representing

c)  objects that surround a person or a thing 

d) mark the edge of something 

e)  central and important

f)  a system of things ranked according to importance 

3. Watch the video. Put the sentences from the talk in order (1-3).

a) Sometimes tertiary colours can play the largest role in a piece with only a limited need for vibrancy to make an image work.

b) Tertiary colours react quietly and discreetly drawing less attention in the loud vibrant colours. 

c) Tertiary colours can still vibrate against each other if complementary relationships are established between these neutral colours.

4. Watch the video. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)?

1. Many artists and illustrators do not use tertiary colours and call them ‘mud’. 

2. In an image tertiary colours can create a background to help vibrant colours become more visible. 

3.  The speaker used bright and warm colours to create an illustration for the chapter about frightened mole in the wood.

4. The speaker likes to work with white page and never uses colours in the background of her illustrations.

5.  Mole’s coat and the trees are in the same brown family.

6. Mole’s red scarf makes the views focus on the small and frightened mole.

7. The red colour of the mole’s scarf and the green of his coat create a complementary colour combination.

8. In the illustration for the chapter about happy mice the speaker used warm palette in the background to create the atmosphere of happiness and warmth.

9. The speaker believes that neutral tertiary colours can be used subtly and effectively in illustration.

5. Watch the video. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.

1. Tertiary colours are made from mixing or layering three primary/first colours, two contrasting/secondary colours or two contrary/complementary colours.    

2. I chose to start with a ground of Van Dyke Brown/ Van Dyke Red with a layer of bright/emerald green glazed over it to create a neutral palette/ground colour; it’s slightly dull/cool but not cold/vibrant.   

3. Using purple/grey in the neutral ground created a monochrome/complementary reaction to the opposite/complementary colour placed on top and created the greatest dull/vibrant reaction in the piece.  

6.  Read the sentences. Then watch the video and complete the sentences with one word per space.

1. Using the tertiary colours wisely as a kind of backup singer to the more vibrant ____ can create balance in an ____ .   

2. A ____ of ____ colour with high value ____ made the most sense for something serious and frightening. 

3. The variety of ____ neutral colours is made from cadmium ____, ___ ochre, burnt umber, and ____.

4. Notice that mole is wearing the highest level of ____, a pure ___ scarf made of cadmium ____.    

5. It creates just enough ____ to make the ____ focus on mole. 

7. OVER TO YOU. Answer the questions or discuss them in small groups.

1. Can you remember any illustration or poster that used neutral tertiary colours effectively? What did you like about those illustrations or posters? Get ready to bring the example of these illustrations or posters to discuss it in the classroom.

2. Do you think any book needs to be illustrated? Which one?

3. What book or book chapter would you like to illustrate?

4. Think of your favourite scene in the book you like or have recently read. How would you illustrate these scenes? What colours would you use for the background, main characters?

5. Create an illustration for your favourite scene in the book you like or have recently read. It doesn’t have to be the final version, create a first draft. Choose the colours for the scene. Get ready to bring the example of this illustration to discuss your choice of colours in the classroom.

Web design aesthetics tutorial: Using texture to add depth

1. Background. You’re going to watch the video “Web design aesthetics tutorial: Using texture to add depth” in which the speaker will give examples of using texture in web page design. Work in pairs and discuss the questions.

1. What do you know about texture? How can texture be used in design?

2. What examples of texture use in a web page design can you think of?

3. If you were asked to create a web page what texture would you like to use? Where can designers find examples of textures?

2. Key words. Read the sentences (1-6). The words in bold are used in the video. First guess the meaning of the words. Then match the words with their definitions (a-f).

1. Texture can look rough, smooth, hard, and soft.

2. Texture can feel shiny, dull, and glossy. 

3. Textures can help emphasize a focal point in your layout.

4. Textures can be used as decorative backgrounds in headers and footers

5. Use of texture can help visitors see important buttons on your web page.

6. When used wisely texture can go a long way toward making your designs memorable and unique

a)  central or most important 

b) element of user interface that is clicked to select a command  

c)  having an uneven surface, not smooth

d)  a line of text appearing at the foot of a document  

e)  easily remembered

f)  shiny and smooth

3. Watch the video. Put the sentences from the talk in order (1-3).

a) Combining textures is also a really interesting way to delineate the different areas on your web page.

b) Textures can really transform a design and give your web layouts a unique sense of depth.

c) Understanding how texture works can really help you create designs that are more visually interesting and compelling.

4. Watch the video. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)?

1.  Texture is an element of design.

2. Designers always work with the library of digitally created textures.

3. Texture can be used to influence the mood of the viewer. 

4. Textures are created only from synthetic materials.

5.  There are libraries of free texture samples available for designers online.

6.  In a web page layout texture can help the viewers to find the most important elements or buttons. 

7.  Advertisements for Mac products are examples of the trick with the digitally created illusion of reflected light.

8.  Texture can be used to create watercolour effect.

 5. Watch the video. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.

1.  Textures can be very colourful/tactile or legible/visual. 

2.  One reason texture is so effective in web design/web development is that it can instantly add that sense of space/depth to an otherwise flat two-dimensional/ four-dimensional medium.

3.  One of the most popular examples of using texture is to add a sense of depth using a reflective/flat surface.

4.  Two-dimensional/digital textures like these can give the illusion of physical/nature textures.

6.  Read the sentences. Then watch the video and complete the sentences with one word per space.

1.   Texture which, when used effectively, can give your design ___, a distinctive characteristic that helps make designs more ____ tactile.

2. The simple definition of ___ is the surface quality of any ____ within your web layout.

3.  You can create your own textures in _____ using ____ and ____ modes.   

4.   Another popular use for textures on the ___ is using them as ____ to add ______.

5. You can even _____ textures with ___ and other Photoshop tricks.

7. OVER TO YOU. Answer  the questions  or discuss them in small groups.

1. Can you think of any web pages that effectively use texture? What do you like about the use of texture in web page layout? Get ready to bring the example of this logo to discuss it in the classroom.

2. Can you think of any web pages that failed to make use of texture? How can the design be improved? Get ready to bring the example of this logo to discuss it in the classroom.

3. Think of your university web page. How does it use texture? Should texture be added to the web page layout to help viewers navigate the page? 

TRANSLATOR’S BLUES

A pleasingly intellectual profession is under enormous pressure

I Read the text. Fill in the blanks with the words from the list. There are some words you don’t need to use. Listen to the recording and check.

crave; work; wages; agency; career; work; freelancers; online; translator; competition; life; redundant; vacancy; living; prices

Translation can be lonely 1)___________, which may well be why most translators choose the 2)___________out of interest, not because they 3)________attention. Until recently, a decent translator could expect a steady, tidy 4)________, too. But the industry is undergoing a wrenching change that will make 5)________hard for the timid.

Most translators are 6)________, and with the rise of the internet a good 7)________could live in Kentucky and work for Swiss banks. But going 8)________has resulted in fierce global 9)________that has put enormous downward pressure on 10)________. Translators can either hustle hard for more or better-paid 11)________- which means spending less time translating - or choose an 12)________that fights for the work for them, but which also takes a cut.

II Read the text above. Find words and expressions that match the definitions. Use three words or words combinations in your sentences.

1.  written rendering of the meaning of a word or text in another language

2.  without companions; solitary

3.  an occupation a person has for a significant period of time and with opportunities for progress

4.  feel a powerful desire for (something)

5.  acceptable, satisfactory, or reasonable

6.  not changing; regular 

7.  of an amount, (especially of money) considerable

8.  experience (something, typically something unpleasant)

9.  sudden violent transformation

10.          showing a lack of courage or confidence

11.          a person who works freelance

12.          very aggressive worldwide process of trying to get or win something

13.          very large

14.          towards a lower  level

15.          push aggressively and with force 

16.          take a share of the money

III Scan the text and try to fill in the blanks (A- I) with the numbers from the list. Compare your ideas with other students. Listen and check.

1,000       50      2015    250      120     600    2017    13-15    2001

1.  But these display the most relentless price pressure of all: fees as low as $A)_______ per B)_______ words translated are not unknown.

2.  Traditionally, something more like $ C)_______  has been the low end, with literary translation at around $ D)_______, and high-end work at $ E)_______ .

3.  For one, literary translation is under no threat. Sales of translated fiction rose by more than F)_______ % in Britain between G)_______ and H)_______, and have been growing strongly in America too.

4.  In Roy Jacobsen’s “Unseen”, which is on the shortlist for the I)_______ Man Booker International Prize (MBIP), the original dialectal island Norwegian has been deftly rendered by Don Bartlett and Don Shaw.

IV Listen to the recording and fill in the blanks with the missing words or word combinations.

The 1)_______ to schmoozing oneself or working with an 2)_______ is to market one’s 3)_______ in online marketplaces. But these 4)_______ the most relentless price 5)_______ of all: fees as low as $13-15 per 1,000 words 6)_______ are not unknown. 7)_______, something more like $50 has been the 8)_______ end, with 9)_______ translation at around $120, and high-end work at $250. Buyers who know little about 10)____    ___ and quality will, in 11)_______ markets, shop almost purely on 12)_______.

To these 13)_______ comes another: the rise in higher-quality 14)_______  _______. Just a year ago, machine translation still 15)_______ reliably rocky results: both 16)_______ as to 17)_______, and often 18)_______ too. Both have 19)_______ dramatically with translation engines based on so-called deep 20)___    ____. Those who offer rock-bottom prices for 21)_______ are almost certainly using translation 22)_______, and then giving it a quick 23)_______ for accuracy and 24)_______. By and large, the big translation 25)_______ are excited about 26)_______ and the 27)_______ of scale it offers them. What worries the translators themselves, though, is that the future may lie in nothing more 28)_______ pleasing than this 29)_______ of clean-up.

Like all incumbents, those 30)_______ are not happy. To avoid being “the coffee-bean 31)_______ of the future”, one veteran counsels improving 32)____    ___ and writing 33)_______ to get high-end work. But not all can do that. Translators in the bulk and 34)_______ markets will inevitably be doing more 35)_______, or will be squeezed out.

What will the rest be doing? For one, 36)___     ____ is under no threat. Sales of translated fiction rose by more than 600% in Britain between 2001 and 2015, and have been 37)_______ strongly in America too, with big 38)_______ like Elena Ferrante conditioning readers in those countries to look beyond their 39)_______ for good books. Nobody thinks a 40)_______ can be translated by a 41)_______. In Roy Jacobsen’s “Unseen”, which is on the shortlist for the 2017 Man Booker International Prize (MBIP), the original 42)_______ island Norwegian has been deftly 43)_______ by Don Bartlett and Don Shaw into a kind of English that carries the same 44)_______: “Hvur bitty it is!” (“How small it is!”). The MBIP 45)_______ that translation is, in effect, a kind of writing by sharing the 46)_______ money equally between author and 47)_______.

V Match the words from two columns to make collocations used in the text. Use four collocations in your sentences.

1.	market	A.	translation
2.	online	B.	translation
3.	price	C.	prices
4.	literary	D.	on price
5.	foreign	E.	out
6.	to shop	F.	engine
7.	machine	G.	software
8.	to  improve	H.	marketplaces
9.	translation	I.	their borders
10.	deep neural	J.	pressure
11.	rock-bottom	K.	shortlist
12.	translation	L.	one’s skills
13.	to edit for	M.	languages
14.	by	N.	networks
15.	specialist	O.	accuracy
16.	writing	P.	work
17.	high-end	Q.	knowledge
18.	to be squeezed	R.	skills
19.	to look beyond	S.	and large
20.	to be on the	T.	dramatically

VI Read the text above. Find words and expressions that match the definitions. 

1.    one of two or more available possibilities

2.    to talk informally with someone, especially to win some advantage for yourself

3.    continuing, not stopping

4.    a payment made to a professional person in exchange for services

5.    translation of poetry, plays,  novels

6.    the use of software to translate text or speech from one language to another

7.    not steady or stable

8.    not completely correct or exact

9.    not clear enough to read

10.a computer system modelled on the human brain and nervous system

11.at the lowest possible level

12.prepare (written material) for publication by correcting or modifying it.

13.the quality or state of being correct or precise

14.of the most expensive of a range of products

15.literature in the form of prose that describes imaginary events and people

16.a list of selected candidates from which a final choice is made

17.in a clever way

VII Listen to the recording and fill in the blanks with the missing letters.

Most work is in c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _l translation, but that is a kind of writing too. E_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _s sometimes r_ _ _ _t a translation of a speech or a letter because it doesn’t look e_ _ _ _h like their o_______. But a good translator needs to r_ _ _ _ _ k a text, r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ g important p _ _ _ _s, breaking up or m _ _ _ _ _ g sentences, and so on. Translation s_ _ _ _ _ _ e can be a _ _ _ _ _ _ e, but it translates sentence-by-sentence. Since languages have different r _ _ _ _ _ s and different expectations for what c____ as a good sentence, that a______ can result in a m____. So it is often best simply to rewrite after thinking about the i______ meaning.

Another market is “transcreation”, in which a translator - often in advertising -  is expected to rethink a m _ _ _ _ _e, making sure that the v _ _ _ _ _ n in the new language has the right cultural r _ _ _ _ _ _ _es, jokes and suchlike to recreate the i _ _ _ t, without the wording, of the original. In this case, the “transcreator” is even more of a w______ than most translators.

Translation is hardly alone in being s______   up by technology. The legal industry, a _ _ _ _ _ _ ing and many other v _ _ _ _ able professions are seeing repeatable k _ _ _ _ _ _ ge work done p _ _ _ _ _ _y by machines. The translators of the future need not only language and writing s_____. They must, like the partners at a law or accounting firm, g _ _ n clients’ trust and learn their minds in order to do t _ _ _ y good work. The l_____ of the field, in other words, may find it hard going.

VIII Listen to all parts of the recording and answer the questions.

1 What are characteristics of translator’s work today? What threats does going online present for the translators?

2 What is the role of translation agencies?

3 What are the alternatives for the translators willing to keep their jobs in the new market?

4 What are the most common fees for translation? How have these fees been changing?

5 What is machine translation and what benefits and drawbacks can it have for translator’s work?

6 What is the quality of machine translation?

7 How are the changes in the industry affecting literary translation? Is it under any threat?

8 What are the examples of creative translators’ work in literary translation? Is the work of translators of fiction recognized and appreciated when  authors are shortlisted for literary prizes? 

9 What skills do translators need today?

10 Why cannot (translation) software always produce a correct and accurate translation?

11 What is transcreation? Where is it used?

12 What are the prospects and predictions for the translators in the future?

IX OVER TO YOU. A) What are the average fees for translation in your country? What is the difference between the fees for commercial translation and literary translation? How are the fees changing (describe the trends)?

B) What software can translators use in your country? What is the quality of translations produced using software?

C) What are the most well-known contemporary translators of fiction in your country? (Translators who translate from English into your native language). Who are the most well-known contemporary translators of works of fiction from your native language into English?